Insert mode
From the normal mode you can use these commands to jump into insert mode in different ways. Insert mode is where you enter text similar to a regular text editor. Use the escape key to go back to normal mode.
i
Insert before the cursor
I
Insert at the beginning of the line
a
Insert (append) after the cursor
A
Insert (append) at the end of the line
o
Insert (open) a new line below the current line
O
Insert (open) a new line above the current line